![]() It established a system for setting up governments in the western territories so they could eventually join the Union on an equal footing with the original 13 states. The Significance of Northwest Ordinance Enacted in 1787, it is considered one of the most significant achievements of the Articles of Confederation. The document was limited because states held most of the power, and Congress lacked the power to tax, regulate trade, or control coinage. (especially the power of a chief executive to reject a bill passed by the legislature) The Significance of Articles of Confederation This document, the nation's first governing document, was adopted by the Second Continental Congress in 1781 during the Revolution. Veto The power or right to prohibit or reject a proposed or intended act. Treaty A formal agreement between the governments of two or more countries. It can also be used to raise additional revenue. Tariff Tax levied on imports to help protect the nation's industries, labor, or farmers from foreign competition. Extended to African Americans by the Fifteenth Amendment, to women by the Nineteenth Amendment, and to people over the age of 18 by the Twenty-sixth Amendment. "Strict Construction" A way of interpreting the Constitution that allows the federal government to take only those actions the Constitution specifically says it can take. Secession Formal separation from an alliance or federation. Separation Of Power The division of a central government into two or more branches, each having its own responsibilities and authorities. The government is based on consent of the governed. Republicanism A philosophy of limited government with elected representatives serving at the will of the people. ![]() ![]() Ratification FORMAL APPROVAL, final consent to the effectiveness of a constitution, constitutional amendment, or treaty. Quorum The minimum number of members who must be present to permit a legislative body to take official action. Precedent A system of jurisprudence based on judicial precedents rather than statutory laws. Preamble The introduction to the Constitution. People express themselves through voting and free participation in government. Popular Sovereignty The concept that political power rests with the people who can create, alter, and abolish government. Both views on how to interpret the Constitution came up during the debate on chartering the Bank of the United States in 1791. "Loose Construction" Constitution is broadly interpreted, recognizing that it could not possibly anticipate all future developments relies on the idea of implied powers and the "necessary and proper" clause. The number of representatives per state depends on the population. There is also a House of Representatives. Legislative Branch The branch of the United States government that has the power to create the laws. Judicial Branch The division of the federal government that is made up of the national courts interprets laws, punishes criminals, and settles disputes between states. ![]() Impeach To bring formal charges against a public official the House of Representatives has the sole power to impeach civil officers of the United States. ![]()
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